Tjokroaminoto Known as the King Without a Crown

RRI.CO.ID, Jakarta – Haji Oemar Said (H.O.S.) Tjokroaminoto is known as the “Javanese King Without a Crown” in the history of the Indonesian national movement. This nickname reflects the immense influence Tjokroaminoto wielded in mobilizing the public through Sarekat Islam and his struggles during the colonial era.

Tjokroaminoto was one of the key figures in the development of Sarekat Islam (SI). The organization was originally named Sarekat Dagang Islam and later expanded its scope of struggle after the word “Dagang” (trade) was removed from its name.

Under Tjokroaminoto’s leadership, Sarekat Islam grew into an organization with a large membership. Wikipedia notes that SI’s membership reached approximately 2.5 million people, demonstrating the organization’s extensive influence at that time.

Tjokroaminoto’s role was evident not only in the organization’s growth, but also in the political struggle. On November 25, 1918, he, along with Abdul Muis and Cipto Mangunkusumo, presented a set of demands known as the “November Pledge,” which called for the formation of a state council and changes to the system of government.

Tjokroaminoto also influenced a number of key figures in the Indonesian independence movement. His home in Surabaya served as a gathering place where young people, including Soekarno, Semaoen, Alimin, and Musso, would study and engage in discussions.

Tjokroaminoto passed away in Yogyakarta on December 17, 1934. Although he was never officially crowned king, his influence in the national movement ensured that the nickname “The Uncrowned King of Java” remained firmly attached to him.

The government subsequently designated Tjokroaminoto as a National Hero on November 9, 1961. His role in Sarekat Islam and his political struggles established Tjokroaminoto as one of the most important figures in the history of the Indonesian independence movement. (Marisa)