Garcinia Mangostana: Mangosteen Rich in Xanthones for Antioxidant

RRI.CO.ID, Jakarta -Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), often called the “queen of tropical fruits,” is one of Indonesia’s most valuable fruit commodities and medicinal plants. Beyond its sweet taste, the purple fruit rind contains xanthones, anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds that have attracted extensive scientific interest due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

According to a review published in the journal Food and Chemical Toxicology in 2011, mangosteen pericarp contains a group of bioactive compounds known as xanthones, particularly alpha-mangostin and gamma-mangostin. These compounds demonstrate antioxidant properties and have been investigated for their ability to regulate inflammatory pathways.

One of the most recognized benefits of mangosteen is its antioxidant activity. Xanthones and polyphenolic compounds can neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, a process associated with cellular aging and various chronic health conditions.

Research has also examined the anti-inflammatory potential of mangosteen compounds. Laboratory studies suggest that alpha-mangostin may influence inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and enzymes involved in inflammation, supporting further investigation into its pharmaceutical applications.

The cosmetic industry has shown growing interest in mangosteen extract due to its antioxidant properties. Natural compounds from the fruit rind are being explored for skincare formulations aimed at protecting skin cells from oxidative damage and environmental stress.

In addition to health and cosmetic sectors, the agricultural and processing industries are actively investigating eco-friendly methods to utilize mangosteen waste. Converting the abundant pericarp byproducts into high-value functional extracts or natural colorants supports sustainable circular economy practices while maximizing the commercial potential of the fruit.

Although mangosteen is widely consumed as a fruit, concentrated extracts require careful consideration. Most evidence comes from laboratory studies, and further clinical trials are needed to establish effective doses and long-term safety.