Andrographis Paniculata: Indonesian Bitter Herb for Respiratory Health

RRI.CO.ID, Jakarta - Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) is one of Indonesia’s most recognized bitter medicinal plants, traditionally used in jamu formulations for maintaining body resistance and supporting health recovery. The plant contains andrographolide, flavonoids, and diterpenoid compounds that have been widely investigated for their anti-inflammatory and immune-related activities.

A review published in the journal Phytotherapy Research reported that andrographolide, the major active compound in sambiloto, demonstrates various biological effects including modulation of inflammatory pathways and antioxidant activity.

Researchers identified this compound as the primary contributor to many pharmacological activities of the plant.

One of the most studied applications of sambiloto is its potential role in supporting respiratory health. Clinical and experimental studies have investigated andrographolide-containing extracts for their effects on symptoms associated with upper respiratory conditions, including inflammation and immune responses.

Sambiloto has also attracted attention because of its anti-inflammatory properties. Research suggests that andrographolide may influence inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and nuclear factor pathways, which play important roles in immune regulation.

Beyond traditional medicine, sambiloto extracts are being developed into standardized herbal products and supplements. Its well-characterized active compound profile makes it one of the Indonesian medicinal plants with significant pharmaceutical research interest.

Although sambiloto is widely used as a herbal ingredient, it may not be suitable for everyone. Excessive consumption may cause digestive discomfort, and individuals who are pregnant, preparing for surgery, or taking certain medications should consult healthcare professionals before use.